Acknowledge the family first
When a friend gives the eulogy, the family is often sitting in the front row, doing one of the hardest things of their lives. Acknowledge them in your first or second sentence. Briefly. Without ceremony.
"To his mother, his sister, and his children, thank you for letting me speak today. He was lucky to have you. We all knew it."
That is enough. The room will appreciate that you set the family in the right place before you began.
Then say who you are. How you knew him. How long. The room will include people who do not know you.
What to actually say about him
Specific small things. The room came for the friend you knew, the friend the family did not always see. Bring that into the room.
Not "he was loyal." Say "he was the friend who answered the phone at three in the morning, who drove four hours when it mattered, who kept showing up when the rest of us drifted. He was the calendar reminder we all set our friendship by."
Not "he was funny." Say "he had a particular way of telling a story that took twice as long as it should have, with eight unnecessary digressions, and at the end of it you would be on the floor laughing and unable to remember where it had started."
Not "he was a good friend." Show it. The thing he did. The trip you took. The moment you both remember that nobody else in the room can quite picture, but they will recognise the kind of friendship from how you tell it.
A simple structure
Acknowledge the family, briefly. One or two sentences.
Say who you are and how you knew him.
Tell who he was as your friend, in your honest words. Three to five sentences.
Tell two or three small specific stories. The trip. The phone call. The thing he did for you that you have never forgotten. The moment that captures, for you, the kind of friend he was.
Close by giving the friendship back to his family. "He was your son first, your brother first, your husband first. We feel lucky that he had so much friend left over to give to us. Thank you for sharing him."
A line like that lands. Then sit down.
What to avoid
Avoid making the eulogy entirely about the two of you. The room came for him. You are the doorway, not the destination. Every story should end on him, not on you.
Avoid airing things the family did not know about. He may have told you things. The funeral is not the place to share them, even with the best intentions. If something feels right but you are unsure, run it past one family member before the day.
Avoid the long list of inside jokes from your friend group. Pick one. Set it up briefly. Trust the room to feel the shape of the friendship without needing every detail.
Avoid sympathy card language. Plain words land harder.
How long it should be
Three to four minutes is right for a friend's eulogy. About four hundred to five hundred words.
Slightly shorter than a family eulogy on purpose. The family will be speaking too, and the friend's voice is one of several. Keep yours focused, specific, and clean.